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Synergetics and Self-organization in the Economy
Balúch, Pavel ; Matušková, Kateřina (referee) ; Janíček, Přemysl (advisor)
The master thesis focuses at analysis and research of synergy and self-organization in economics. The motivation for the thesis was joining Czech Republic and other nine countries to the European Union on May 1st, 2004. The primary aim was to analyse the problem and on a model example,assuming "ceteris paribus", confirm or refute the thought, that joining the European Union has positive synergic effect for newcomers. The second meaning of synergy is solved as a sub-problem in the master thesis, where the use of synergy in logistics was analysed and opportunities improving the current situation were suggested.
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Artificial Life Simulator
Popek, Miloš ; Grulich, Lukáš (referee) ; Martinek, David (advisor)
Area of artificial life is very extensive. Simulations with reactive agents are the target of this work. Simulator of artificial life and language for definition agent's behavior are described in this work. Porposals a results of simulation made are described in this work.
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Neural Networks and Their Applications
Chaloupka, David ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to present a consistent insight into the most frequently used types of artificial neural networks and their applications. It depicts feedforward neural networks with backpropagation training algorithm, Hopfield networks and self-organizing maps (Kohonen maps). Second part of this thesis demonstrates typical applications of described networks and discusses various factors, which influence performance of these networks on chosen tasks.
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Eligibility of primary school pupils to manage their time
Tošnerová, Aneta ; Voda, Jan (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The topic of this thesis is procrastination. Procrastination is "the illogical, but deliberate delaying of planned action, which is accompanied by a commitment to alternative activities." (Sliviaková 2010, p. 3). Occasional procrastination however mostly harmless is only a small step from procrastination chronic. Chronic procrastination already points at undesirable situation, the malfunction of a healthy lifestyle and self-control. That view is the starting point for the research work of the problem, which investigates the symptoms of procrastination among primary and secondary school pupils. Procrastination is usually being considered in relation to adults' behaviour. The question asked is whether it is relevant to consider procrastination also in relation to children at primary school. In the theoretical part, we therefore first gathered and compiled the available data about the topic from various Czech and foreign sources, mainly to define with necessary precision the object of the study (procrastination) and learned the wider context of the issue (time management, self- management). The survey is based on interviews with six parents and thirty pupils from 1st to 5th grade. The method of research used with pupils was author a story that allowed them to identify themselves with a certain type of...
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Origin of karst conduits and caves in Jizera Formation in Turnov.
Slavík, Martin ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Schweigstillová, Jana (referee)
Aim of this study is to characterize the processes responsible for evolution of open conduits and caves in Jizera Formation near Turnov, in particular to distinguish if the main factor acting in enlargements of conduits is dissolution and the conduit system can be called karst, or if the process is caused by erosion of weakly cemented sandstone without contribution of dissolution. An important part of the study is to introduce the concept of self-organization. Based on results from accelerated simulation of dissolution of twenty rock samples, SEM analysis and drilling resistance, I have proved that rocks in Jizera Formation near Turnov dissolve in an acidic environment and their strength characteristics does not enable direct erosion by flowing water. Samples from localities of "Bartošova pec", "Slepé údolí Podhorčí", "Rozsedlinové ponory pod Drábovnou", "Šetřilovsko", "U Kačeny" and "Semikraska" dissolve, but behavior of samples from "Sudoměř - rybník" and "Sudoměř - Skalský potok" is in an acidic environment very similar to samples from Teplice Formation "Skalní pískovcový výchoz u Podhorčí" and "Valdštejn".
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Cellular Automata
Amemori, Josef ; Barták, Roman (advisor) ; Mráz, František (referee)
A Cellular automaton is a simple mathematical model that can exhibit a complex behavior. It was introduced by Von Neumann who was trying to find a mathematical description for a self-reproduction. Among well known works about self-reproduction belongs works from Hiroky Sayama. He introduced a model, that was capable of a simple evolution. This work expands Sayama`s evolving model by simple interactions inspired by competitions of specieces. The aim of the work is observe better dynamics than in Sayama`s model.
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Study of the organization and dynamics of the membraneless cell compartments
Blažíková, Michaela
of Doctoral Thesis Title: Study of the organization and dynamics of the membraneless cell compartments Author: Michaela Blažíková Institute: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Petr Heřman, CSc., Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles and specific bodies. Beside the membrane delimited organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria or Golgi apparatus there are other structurally and functionally distinct membraneless structures in the cells. In this work we studied the self-organization processes, i.e. the processes that do not require specific interactions, of membraneless structures in nuclei, cytoplasm and plasma membrane of mammalian cells and yeast. The research was focused on the formation of nucleoli and Cajal bodies in mammalian cell nulei and processing bodies (P- bodies) in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. The organization of MCC domains in the yeast plasma membrane (Membrane compartment of Can1) was studied as well. It was shown that nonspecific interactions as the result of macromolecular crowding could be one of the main driving forces in formation and stabilization of these...
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Optical binding of polystyrene particles in tractor beam
Damková, Jana ; Chvátal, Lukáš ; Oulehla, Jindřich ; Ježek, Jan ; Brzobohatý, Oto ; Zemánek, Pavel
The motion of a particle illuminated by a laser beam is usually driven by the photon flow due\nto the radiation pressure and therefore for particle trapping, one has to employ gradient forces. But in a tractor beam, objects are illuminated by the uniform light intensity and even so they can be pulled against the beam propagation. There have been developed several techniques how to create such a tractor beam. In our case, the tractor beam is created by two identical Gaussian beams that interfere under the defined angle. It creates the\nstanding wave, where in the transversal plane the particle is trapped by means of the gradient\nforce, but in the total beam propagation direction, the particle manipulation is driven by the non-conservative force. It is remarkable that this force can for the specific combinations of\nparameters pull the micro-particle against the beam propagation. This kind of behavior is\nbecause of the particle scattering where the majority of the incident photons is scattered in the forward direction and, based on the principle of action and reaction, the transfer of\nmomentum leads to a backward movement of the object. The pushing and pulling force is\nsensitive to the polarization of the laser beam, its incident angle and the particle size so this\ntechnique can be used for example for sorting of objects of different sizes.
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Cellular Automata
Amemori, Josef ; Barták, Roman (advisor) ; Mráz, František (referee)
A Cellular automaton is a simple mathematical model that can exhibit a complex behavior. It was introduced by Von Neumann who was trying to find a mathematical description for a self-reproduction. Among well known works about self-reproduction belongs works from Hiroky Sayama. He introduced a model, that was capable of a simple evolution. This work expands Sayama`s evolving model by simple interactions inspired by competitions of specieces. The aim of the work is observe better dynamics than in Sayama`s model.
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Study of the organization and dynamics of the membraneless cell compartments
Blažíková, Michaela
of Doctoral Thesis Title: Study of the organization and dynamics of the membraneless cell compartments Author: Michaela Blažíková Institute: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Petr Heřman, CSc., Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract Eukaryotic cells contain many organelles and specific bodies. Beside the membrane delimited organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria or Golgi apparatus there are other structurally and functionally distinct membraneless structures in the cells. In this work we studied the self-organization processes, i.e. the processes that do not require specific interactions, of membraneless structures in nuclei, cytoplasm and plasma membrane of mammalian cells and yeast. The research was focused on the formation of nucleoli and Cajal bodies in mammalian cell nulei and processing bodies (P- bodies) in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. The organization of MCC domains in the yeast plasma membrane (Membrane compartment of Can1) was studied as well. It was shown that nonspecific interactions as the result of macromolecular crowding could be one of the main driving forces in formation and stabilization of these...
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